當前位置：新東方英語課堂：虛擬語氣的講解
來源:本站原創(chuàng) 點擊率: 發(fā)布: 2013-3-21
酷學酷玩英語課堂
虛擬語氣表示說話人的主觀愿望、猜測建議或與事實不符的假設(shè)。虛擬語氣可分為三種：（1）一般虛擬 （2）混合虛擬 （3）特殊句式
一．一般虛擬的構(gòu)成：(省略if, 要將should/were/had 提到句首)
(1). 對現(xiàn)在的虛擬：if +s.+ did/were sth., s.+ would/could/should +do
if i had time, i would attend the meeting.
if i were you, i would seize the chance to go abroad.
(2) 對過去的虛擬：if +s.+had + p.p, s.+ would/could/should have + p.p
if you had taken my advice, you would not have failed in the exam.
(3) 對將來的虛擬：
if + s. + did/were/should do/were to do, s + would/should/could do sth.
if you came tomorrow, we would have the meeting.
if it were to rain tomorrow, the sports meeting would be put off.
if he should not come tomorrow, we should put off the meeting till next day.
注意：had we made good preparations, we might have succeeded.
had it not rained, we would have gone out for a walk.
were i you, i would not do such a thing.
二． 混合虛擬：
�。�1） 不同時間的虛擬：if he had listened to me, he would not be in trouble now.
if he had told me yesterday, i should know what to do now.
(2) 虛擬與陳述的混合：
he could have passed the exam, but he wasn’t careful enough.
you should have come earlier, the bus left a moment ago.
三． 特殊句式：
(1).suggest, advise, recommend, propose, order, command, request, require, demand + that ╟clause (should do/do )
he suggested that we (should) save money for the future.(insist的判斷)
(2) it is suggested/advised/ordered/requested/required that ╟clause(should do/do)(主語從句)
(3) my advice/suggestion/request/requirement is that-clause (should do /do) （表語從句）
his suggestion/advice/request/requirement that ╟clause(should do/do ) is.. （同位語從句）
(4) it is natural/necessary/strange that-clause (should do/do)表驚奇、懷疑、惋惜、不滿、理應如此等。
it’s strange that he should have missed the train. （表竟然）
it is important that we should learn from others.（表理應如此）
it is a pity that he should not go with us.(表驚訝、不滿)
（5）wish + that clause (did/were 與現(xiàn)在相反)
wish + that clause (would/could/might + do與將來相反)
wish + that clause ( had done 與過去相反)
i wish i could go with them tomorrow.
i wish i had never met him.
(6) it is (high/about) time + clause (did, should do )
it is (high/about) time we went home.
(7) would rather + clause (did 與現(xiàn)在或?qū)硐喾?；（had done 與過去相反）
i would rather you came tomorrow. i would rather you hadn’t told her the news.
(8) if only + clause ( did/were與現(xiàn)在相反) ((would/could/might + do與將來相反)
( had done 與過去相反) “要是。。。就好了“
if only he would come tomorrow! if only i had taken her advice!
if only i were ten years younger!
(9) as if + clause (did/were 與現(xiàn)在相反) (would/could/might + do與將來相反)
( had done 與過去相反)
she treats kate as if she were her own daughter.
they talked as if they had been friends for years.
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